Main Concepts

  1. The Industrial Revolution spread from Great Britain to the continent, where the state played a greater role in promoting industry.
  2. The experiences of everyday life were shaped by industrialization, depending on the level of industrial development in a particular location.
  3. Political revolutions and the complications resulting from industrialization triggered a range of ideological, governmental, and collective responses.
  4. European states struggled to maintain international stability in an age of nationalism and revolutions. 
  5. A variety of motives and methods led to the intensification of European global control and increased tensions among the Great Powers.
  6. European ideas and culture expressed a tension between objectivity and scientific realism on one hand, and subjectivity and individual expression on the other.